10-gear automatic transmission

ABSTRACT

An automatic planetary transmission comprising a drive input shaft (AN), a drive output shaft (AB), first, second, third and fourth planetary gearsets (RS 1 ,RS 2 ,RS 3,  RS 4 ) and six shifting elements (A, B, C, D, E, F). By the selectively engagement, in each case, three of the six shifting elements (A, B, C, D, E, F), ten forward gears and up to two reverse gears can be engaged without any range shifts.

This application is a National Stage completion of PCT/EP2008/066975 filed Dec. 8, 2008, which claims priority from German patent application serial no. 10 2007 055 808.4 filed Dec. 14, 2007.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention concerns a 10-gear automatic transmission of planetary structure, in particular for a motor vehicle.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

According to the prior art, automatic transmissions, in particular for motor vehicles, comprise planetary gearsets which are shifted by means of frictional or shifting elements such as clutches and brakes and which are usually connected with a starting element that can operate with slip and is optionally provided with a bridging clutch, such as a hydrodynamic torque converter or a flow clutch.

Automatically shifted vehicle transmissions of planetary structure in general have been described many times in the prior art and are constantly undergoing further development and improvement. Such transmissions should have a sufficient number of forward gears and a reverse gear, and transmission ratios that are very well suited for motor vehicles and have a large overall spread and appropriate step intervals. Furthermore, they should enable a high starting transmission ratio in the forward direction and should possess a direct gear and be suitable for use both in passenger cars and in utility vehicles. In addition these transmissions should entail as little structural complexity and cost as possible, in particular requiring only a small number of shifting elements, and should avoid double shifts for sequential shifting operations so that for shifts in defined gear groups in each case only one shifting element is changed.

A multi-gear automatic transmission of this type is described, for example in WO 2006/074707 A1 by the present applicant. It comprises essentially a drive input shaft and a drive output shaft arranged coaxially with one another, a total of four single planetary gearsets and five frictional shifting elements. By selective engagement in each case of three of the five frictional shifting elements made as clutches and brakes a total of eight forward gears can be engaged without group shifts, i.e. they can be engaged or disengaged in such manner that on changing from one gear to the next-higher or next-lower gear, in each case only one of the previously engaged shifting elements is disengaged and one previously disengaged shifting element is engaged.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a multi-step transmission of the type mentioned at the start, with at least ten forward gears that can be engaged without group shifts and at least one reverse gear, in which, using a total of four planetary gearsets, the least possible number of shifting elements is needed. In addition the transmission should be characterized by a large spread in relation to gear steps acceptable for drivability, and in the main driving gears, by good efficiency, i.e. comparatively low drag and gearing losses.

According to these, an automatic transmission of planetary structure is proposed according to the invention, which comprises a drive input shaft, a drive output shaft, four planetary gearsets and only six shifting elements, namely two brakes and four clutches, whose selective engagement gives various transmission ratios between the drive input and the drive output shafts, such that ten forward gears and at least one reverse gear can be produced. In each gear, three of the total of six shifting elements are engaged. To change from one gear to the next-higher or next-lower gear, in each case only one of the previously engaged shifting elements is disengaged and one previously disengaged shifting element is engaged.

In an advantageous design the sixth shifting element is suitable for producing a hill-holder function in the transmission, by virtue of which, with the shifting element engaged at the same time, the drive output shaft can be locked in the transmission.

In a preferred embodiment the automatic transmission according to the invention comprises the following kinematic couplings of the gearset elements to one another and to the drive input and drive output shafts:

-   -   the fourth planetary gearset is rigidly connected to the drive         input shaft, is connected rigidly in each case by an active         connection to the first and second planetary gearsets, and can         be connected by means of the first shifting element to a housing         of the transmission,     -   the third planetary gearset is rigidly connected to the drive         output shaft, is connected rigidly in each case by an active         connection to the first and second planetary gearsets, and can         be connected by the fourth shifting element to the second         planetary gearset,     -   the second planetary gearset can be blocked by the fifth         shifting element and can be connected by the sixth shifting         element to the first and third planetary gearsets,     -   the first planetary gearset can be connected to the housing by         the first shifting element and by the second shifting element.

By virtue of these various kinematic couplings of the shifting elements to the various shafts of the automatic transmission, according to the invention an entire gear family is obtained.

A number of advantageous designs of an automatic transmission of this type according to the invention are based on the 8-gear automatic transmissions known from WO 2006/074707 A1 with the following kinematic couplings of the gearset elements to one another: A carrier of the fourth planetary gearset and the drive input shaft are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to one another and form the first rotary shaft of the transmission. A carrier of the third planetary gearset and the drive output shaft are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to one another and form the second rotary shaft of the transmission. A sun gear of the first planetary gearset and a sun gear of the fourth planetary gearset are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to one another and form the third rotary shaft of the transmission. A ring gear of the first planetary gearset forms the fourth rotary shaft of the transmission. A ring gear of the second planetary gearset and a sun gear of the third planetary gearset are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to one another and form the fifth rotary shaft of the transmission. A carrier of the first planetary gearset and a ring gear of the third planetary gearset are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to one another and form the sixth rotary shaft of the transmission. A sun gear of the second planetary gearset and a ring gear of the fourth planetary gearset are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to one another and form the seventh rotary shaft of the transmission. A carrier of the second planetary gearset forms the eighth rotary shaft of the transmission. The above gearset kinematic system is identical to the gearset kinematic system of the 8-gear automatic transmission known from WO 2006/074707 A1.

With regard to the connection of the six shifting elements to the various elements of the planetary gearsets and to the drive input shaft in this preferred embodiment of an automatic transmission according to the invention, it is provided that the first shifting element is arranged in the force flow between the third shaft and a housing of the transmission, the second shifting element in the force flow between the fourth shaft and the housing of the transmission, and the third shifting element in the force flow between the fifth and the first shaft. In addition the fourth shifting element is arranged in the force flow between the eighth and the first shaft and that the fifth shifting element is arranged in the force flow either between the seventh and the fifth shaft or between the seventh and the eighth shaft or between the fifth and the eighth shaft. The sixth shifting element according to the invention, which is an additional one compared with WO 2006/074707 A1, is arranged in the force flow between the sixth and the eighth shafts. By virtue of the various kinematic couplings of the fifth shifting element to the various shafts of the automatic transmission, here too a gear family is obtained.

The shifting or gear logic of this advantageous automatic gear family according to the invention is as follows: In the first forward gear the first, second and third shifting elements are engaged and transmit torque. In the second forward gear the first, second and fifth shifting elements are engaged and transmit torque. In the third forward gear the second, third and fifth shifting elements are engaged and transmit torque. In the fourth forward gear the second, fourth and fifth shifting elements are engaged and transmit torque. In the fifth forward gear the second, third and fourth shifting elements are engaged and transmit torque. In the sixth forward gear the second, third and sixth shifting elements are engaged and transmit torque. In the seventh forward gear the third, fifth and sixth shifting elements are engaged and transmit torque. In the eighth forward gear the first, third and sixth shifting elements are engaged and transmit torque. In the ninth forward gear the first, third and fourth shifting elements are engaged and transmit torque. In the tenth forward gear the first, fourth and fifth shifting elements are engaged and transmit torque. A reverse gear is obtained by engaging the first, second and fourth shifting elements or by engaging the first, second and sixth shifting elements.

In contrast to the 8-gear automatic transmission known from WO 2006/074707 A1, because of the sixth shifting element, which is additional in comparison with WO 2006/074707 A1, the automatic gear family according to the invention now has a hill-holder function in the transmission: if the first, second, fourth and sixth shifting elements are all engaged at the same time, the drive output shaft of the automatic transmission is fixed or blocked relative to the transmission housing.

All four of the planetary gearsets are preferably designed as so-termed negative planetary gearsets, whose respective planetary gears mesh with the sun gear and the ring gear of the planetary gearset concerned. With regard to the spatial arrangement of the four planetary gearsets in the housing of the automatic transmission, in one design version it is proposed to arrange all four of the planetary gearsets coaxially and next to one another in the defined sequence “first, fourth, second and third planetary gearset”, which makes it possible for all four of the planetary gearsets each to have at most one shaft of the transmission passing centrally through it. For an application with the drive input and drive output shafts extending coaxially with one another, it is appropriate in this case for the first planetary gearset to be that planetary gearset of the planetary gearset group which faces toward the drive input of the automatic transmission. In another design, with regard to the spatial arrangement of the four planetary gearsets in the housing of the automatic transmission, it is proposed to arrange all four planetary gearsets coaxially and next to one another in the defined sequence “second, fourth, first and third planetary gearset”. A more compact transmission structure is obtained with this design in particular if, viewed spatially, the fourth and sixth shifting elements are arranged in an area axially between the first and third planetary gearsets. For an application with the drive input and drive output shafts positioned coaxially with one another, in this case it is appropriate for the second planetary gearset to be that planetary gearset of the planetary gearset group which faces toward the drive input of the automatic transmission.

Particularly for passenger automobiles, all the proposed embodiments and designs for a 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention have suitable transmission ratios with a very large overall spread in relation to the gear steps acceptable for drivability, and this results in a significant reduction of fuel consumption. Furthermore, the 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention is characterized by an extraordinarily small number of shifting elements for the number of gears—namely two brakes and four clutches—and comparatively little structural complexity. In addition, with the 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention the efficiency is high in all the gears, because of low drag losses since in every gear three of the six shifting elements are engaged, and due to low gearing losses in the simply constructed single planetary gearsets.

Advantageously, with the 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention the motor vehicle can be started both by means of a starting element external to the transmission and with a transmission-internal frictional shifting element. In a manner known per se, a transmission-external starting element can for example be in the form of a hydrodynamic converter, a so-termed dry starting clutch, a so-termed wet starting clutch, a magnetic powder clutch, or a centrifugal force clutch. Alternatively to arranging such a starting element in the force flow direction between the drive engine and the transmission, the transmission-external starting element can also be positioned in the force flow direction behind the transmission and in that case the transmission input shaft is connected in a rotationally fixed manner or with some rotational elasticity, to the crankshaft of the drive engine. Particularly suitable as a transmission-internal starting element is one of the two brakes, which is actuated in the first and second forward gears and in the reverse gear.

Furthermore, the 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention is designed to be adaptable to various drivetrain designs, both in the force flow direction and in relation to the space available. Thus, with the same transmission layout, depending on the fixed transmission ratio of the individual planetary gearsets different gear intervals can be obtained, so enabling application-specific or vehicle-specific variation. Moreover, without special design measures the drive input and drive output of the transmission can optionally be arranged coaxially or axis-parallel to one another. An axle differential and/or a distributor differential can be arranged on the drive input side or the drive output side of the transmission. It is also possible to provide additional freewheels at any suitable points of the multi-step transmission, for example between a shaft and the housing or if necessary to connect two shafts. In addition a wear-free brake such as a hydraulic or electrical retarder or suchlike can be arranged on any shaft, preferably on the drive input or the drive output shaft, and this is especially important particularly for use in utility vehicles. Furthermore, for powering additional aggregates, an auxiliary drive output can be provided on any shaft, preferably on the drive input or the drive output shaft. Another advantage of the automatic transmission according to the invention is that an electric machine can also be coupled to any shaft as a generator and/or as an additional drive motor.

The shifting elements used can be in the form of shift-under-load clutches or brakes. In particular frictional clutches or brakes such as disk clutches, belt brakes and/or conical clutches can be used. However, interlocking brakes and/or clutches such as synchronizers or claw brakes can also be used as shifting elements.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Below, examples of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which the same or comparable components are identified by the same indexes and which show:

FIG. 1. Schematic representation of a first example embodiment of a 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention

FIG. 2. Illustration of a shifting scheme for the transmission shown in FIG. 1

FIG. 3. Illustration showing a first component configuration variant for the transmission of FIG. 1, represented schematically

FIG. 4: Illustration showing a second component configuration variant for the transmission of FIG. 1

FIG. 5: Illustration showing a third component configuration variant for the transmission of FIG. 1

FIG. 6: Illustration showing a fourth component configuration variant for the transmission of FIG. 1

FIG. 7: Illustration showing a fifth component configuration variant for the transmission of FIG. 1

FIG. 8: Illustration showing a sixth component configuration variant for the transmission of FIG. 1

FIG. 9: Illustration showing a seventh component configuration variant for the transmission of FIG. 1

FIG. 10: Illustration showing an eighth component configuration variant for the transmission of FIG. 1

FIG. 11: Illustration showing a ninth component configuration variant for the transmission of FIG. 1

FIG. 12: Illustration showing a tenth component configuration variant for the transmission of FIG. 1, schematically represented

FIG. 13: Schematic representation of a second example embodiment of a 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention; and

FIG. 14: Schematic representation of a third example embodiment of a 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 shows a simplified, schematic representation of a first example embodiment of a 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention. The transmission comprises a drive input shaft AN, a drive output shaft AB, four planetary gearsets RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 and six shifting elements A, B, C, D, E, F, all arranged in a housing GG of the transmission. All four of the planetary gearsets RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 are formed as simple negative planetary gearsets. As is known, a negative planetary gearset has planetary gears that mesh with the sun gear and the ring gear of the planetary gearset. The ring gears of the four planetary gearsets RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 are indexed HO1, HO2, HO3 and HO4, their sun gears SO1, SO2, SO3 and SO4, the planetary gears PL1, PL2, PL3, and PL4, and the carriers on which the planetary gears are mounted to rotate are indexed ST1, ST2, ST3 and ST4. The automatic transmission according to the invention comprises a total of eight rotary shafts indexed from 1 to 8.

The shifting elements A and B are in the form of brakes which, in the example embodiment shown, are both frictional shifting disk brakes but which, in other designs, could also be made as frictional shifting belt brakes or for example even as interlock-type shifting claw or cone brakes. The shifting elements C, D, E and F are clutches which, in the example embodiment shown, are all made as frictional shifting disk clutches but which, in another design, could for example also be interlock-type shifting claw or cone clutches. With this total of six shifting elements A to F, selective engagement of ten forward gears and up to two reverse gears can be obtained, as will be explained in more detail later with reference to FIG. 2.

As regards the coupling of the individual elements of the four planetary gearsets RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 to one another and to the drive input and drive output shafts AN, AB, the following provisions are made in the automatic transmission according to FIG. 1: The carrier ST4 of the fourth planetary gearset RS4 and the drive input shaft AN are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to one another and form the first shaft of the automatic transmission, indexed 1. The carrier ST3 of the third planetary gearset RS3 and the drive output shaft AB are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to one another and form the second shaft of the automatic transmission, indexed 2. The sun gear SO1 of the first planetary gearset RS1 and the sun gear SO4 of the fourth planetary gearset RS4 are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to one another and form the third shaft of the automatic transmission, indexed 3. The ring gear HO1 of the first planetary gearset RS1 forms the fourth shaft of the automatic transmission, indexed 4. The ring gear HO2 of the second planetary gearset RS2 and the sun gear SO3 of the third planetary gearset RS3 are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to one another and form the fifth shaft of the automatic transmission, indexed 5. The carrier ST1 of the first planetary gearset RS1 and the ring gear HO3 of third planetary gearset RS3 are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to one another and form the sixth shaft of the automatic transmission, indexed 6. The sun gear SO2 of the second planetary gearset RS2 and the ring gear HO4 of the fourth planetary gearset RS4 are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to one another and form the seventh shaft of the automatic transmission, indexed 7. The carrier ST2 of the second planetary gearset forms the eighth shaft of the automatic transmission, indexed 8.

As regards the coupling of the six shifting elements A to F to the above-described shafts 1 to 8 of the transmission, in the automatic transmission according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 the following provisions are made: The first shifting element A is arranged in the force flow between the third shaft 3 and the transmission housing GG. The second shifting element B is arranged in the force flow between the fourth shaft 4 and the transmission housing GG. The third shifting element C is arranged in the force flow between the fifth shaft 5 and the first shaft 1. The fourth shifting element D is arranged in the force flow between the eighth shaft 8 and the second shaft 2. The fifth shifting element E is arranged in the force flow between the seventh shaft 7 and the fifth shaft 5. Finally, the sixth shifting element F is arranged in the force flow between the sixth shaft 6 and the eighth shaft 8.

In the example embodiment shown in FIG. 1 the four planetary gearsets RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4, as viewed in the axial direction, are arranged coaxially one after another in the defined sequence “RS1, RS4, RS2, RS3”, with the drive input shaft AN and drive output shaft AB arranged coaxially with one another, the first planetary gearset RS1 being the gearset of the automatic transmission closest to the drive input and the third planetary gearset RS3 being the gearset of the automatic transmission closest to the drive output. In an advantageous manner this arrangement is such that only one shaft of the automatic transmission passes centrally in the axial direction through each of the four planetary gearsets RS1, RS2, RS3 and RS4.

In principle, the shifting elements of an automatic transmission according to the invention can be spatially arranged inside the transmission in any desired way, limited only by the dimensions and external shape of the transmission housing GG. Correspondingly, the component configuration shown in FIG. 1 is expressly to be understood as only one of many possible component configuration variants. Those with knowledge of the field will find numerous suggestions, for example in the already-mentioned WO 2006/074707 A1. The example embodiment shown in FIG. 1, on account of its slim housing structure, is well situated for fitting into a motor vehicle with a so-termed “standard drive”. The component configuration shown in FIG. 1 is based on the automatic transmission shown in FIG. 4 of WO 2006/074707 A1 and differs from it only in the connection and arrangement of the clutch F which—as already mentioned—is additional compared with WO 2006/074707 A1.

As can be seen in FIG. 1, the two planetary gearsets RS1 and RS4 are directly adjacent. In the example embodiment shown, as viewed spatially the two brakes A, B are arranged axially next to one another in an area above the planetary gearset RS1 in this case close to the drive input, the brake B being arranged, at least partially, radially above the first planetary gearset RS1. Here, for example, the diameters of the disk sets of these two brakes A, B are at least similar. In a simply designed manner the brake A can also be integrated in a housing wall of the transmission housing GG close to the drive input. As already indicated, the spatial arrangement of the two brakes A, B is to be understood only as an example. Thus, to make the axial length of the transmission shorter, in another design it could for example be provided that while the disk sets remain axially adjacent the brake A is positioned at least partially in an area radially over the first planetary gearset RS1 and the brake B at least partially in an area radially over the fourth planetary gearset RS4. In yet another design it could for example be provided that the two brakes A, B are not positioned axially adjacent, but partially or completely radially one above the other.

As can also been seen from FIG. 1, as viewed spatially, the three clutches C, D and E are arranged in an area axially between the second planetary gearset RS2 close to the fourth planetary gearset RS4, and the third planetary gearset RS3 close to the drive output. On the side of the second planetary gearset RS2 facing toward the third planetary gearset RS3 the clutch E is directly adjacent to the second planetary gearset RS2. Viewed spatially, the disk set of the clutch D is positioned approximately radially over the disk set of the clutch C, so that the two clutches C and D are axially adjacent to the third planetary gearset RS3 (on the side thereof that faces toward the second planetary gearset RS2). In this case the shaft 5, which forms the active connection between the ring gear HO2 of the second planetary gearset RS2 and the sun gear SO3 of the third planetary gearset RS3, completely encloses the clutch F in the axial direction so that the clutch E is inside a cylindrical space formed by the shaft 5. Moreover the shaft 8, which forms the active connection between the carrier ST2 of the second planetary gearset RS2 and the clutch D, completely encloses the second planetary gearset RS2 and the clutch E in the axial direction. Thus the clutch E too is inside a cylindrical space formed by the shaft 8. As already indicated, the spatial arrangement of the three clutches C, D and E shown in FIG. 1 is to be understood only as an example. Thus, depending on the fitting space available in the vehicle for installing the transmission, it may be expedient to position the disk set of the clutch D approximately radially over the disk set of the clutch E. In another design the clutch C could for example be arranged axially between the clutch E close to RS2 and the clutch D close to RS3, and in such a case the disk sets of the three clutches E, C and D would preferably be arranged on an at least similar and large diameter, whereby the resulting comparatively large axial extension of this clutch arrangement would not be disadvantageous for a “standard drive” because of the customary cardan tunnel contour of the vehicle.

As already mentioned, only one shaft of the transmission passes centrally through each of the four planetary gearsets RS1 to RS4 in the axial direction. To be specific, only the drive input shaft AN or the shaft 1 passes centrally completely through the planetary gearsets RS1, RS4 and RS2 in the axial direction, such that along its axial course the drive input shaft AN passes centrally through the third shaft 3, the seventh shaft 7 and part of the fifth shaft 5. This is particularly advantageous, on the one hand for the dimensioning of the drive input shaft AN and the gearsets, but on the other hand also because it entails a comparatively simple lubricant supply to the planetary gears of the four planetary gearsets RS1 to RS4 and also entails a comparatively simple supply of pressure and lubricant to the three clutches E, D, C.

As can also be seen from FIG. 1, along its axial course the shaft 6 of the transmission, which indeed forms the active connection between the carrier ST1 of the first planetary gearset RS1 and the ring gear HO3 of the third planetary gearset RS3, encloses the fourth and second planetary gearsets RS4, RS2 and the two clutches E, D completely, and so forms the cylindrical space within which the disk set of the clutch F and the servomechanism of the clutch F for actuating the disk set are accommodated. As already mentioned, this clutch F is not present in the type-defining WO 2006/074707 A1. In the example embodiment shown in FIG. 1 the disk set of the clutch F, viewed spatially, is arranged in an area axially between the fourth planetary gearset RS4 and the second planetary gearset RS2, on a diameter radially above the planetary gearsets RS4, RS2. In accordance with the kinematic connection of the clutch F to the sixth shaft 6 and the eighth shaft 8 of the transmission, and with the spatial position of the shaft 8 centrally inside the shaft 6, in this case a section of the shaft 6 forms the outer disk carrier and a section of the shaft 8 the inner disk carrier of the clutch F. From this it can also be seen that a person with knowledge of the field has some freedom in the positioning of the disk set of the clutch F as viewed in the axial direction. Thus, in a design differing from FIG. 1 it could for example be provided that the disk set of the clutch F is arranged in an area radially over the fourth planetary gearset RS4 or in an area radially over the second planetary gearset RS2 and the third planetary gearset RS3—radially over the clutch assembly C/D/E and/or close to the planetary gearset RS3. The servomechanism associated with the disk set of the clutch F can be arranged both on the side of the disk set of the clutch F that faces toward the first planetary gearset RS1 and also on the side of the disk set of the clutch F that faces toward the third planetary gearset RS3. Examples of this will be explained in more detail later with reference to the other figures.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a shifting scheme for the 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention in FIG. 1. In each gear three shifting elements are engaged and three are disengaged. Besides the shifting logic, example values for the respective transmission ratios i of the individual gear steps and the gear intervals φ to be determined therefrom can also be obtained from the shifting scheme. The transmission ratios i indicated are obtained from the (typical) fixed transmission ratios of the four planetary gearsets RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 of minus 2.0, minus 1.60, minus 3.70 and minus 2.00. Furthermore, it can be seen from the shifting scheme that in sequential shift operations double shifts or group shifts are avoided, since two gear steps adjacent in the shift logic always use two shifting elements common to both. The seventh forward gear is made as a direct gear.

The first forward gear is obtained by engaging the brakes A and B and the clutch C, the second forward gear by engaging the brakes A and B and the clutch E, the third forward gear by engaging the brake B and the clutches C and E, the fourth forward gear by engaging the brake B and the clutches D and E, the fifth forward gear by engaging the brake B and the clutches C and D, the sixth forward gear by engaging the brake B and the clutches C and F, the seventh forward gear by engaging the clutches C, E and F, the eighth forward gear by engaging the brake A and the clutches C and F, the ninth forward gear by engaging the brake A and the clutches C and D, and the tenth forward gear by engaging the brake A and the clutches D and E. As can also be seen from the shifting scheme, a first reverse gear is obtained by engaging the brakes A and B and the clutch D. A second reverse gear is obtained by engaging the brakes A and B and the clutch F.

According to the invention the motor vehicle can be started by means of a shifting element integrated in the transmission. For this a particularly suitable shifting element is one which is needed both in the first forward gear and in the reverse gear, i.e. in this case preferably the brake A or the brake B. Advantageously, these two brakes are also needed in the second forward gear. If the brake B is used as the starting element integrated in the transmission, then starting is even possible in any of the first five gears and in the two reverse gears. As can be seen from the shifting scheme, as effective transmission-internal starting elements the clutch C is also suitable for starting in the forward direction and the clutch D for starting in the reverse direction.

A hill-holder function in the transmission, in which the drive output shaft AB of the transmission is held fixed relative to the transmission housing GG, is obtained by simultaneously engaging the brakes A and B and the clutches D and F. Starting in the first forward gear from a previously activated hill-holder function can be carried out by means of a simple overlap shift in which the clutch C is engaged while at the same time the clutches D and F are disengaged. Starting in the second forward gear from a previously activated hill-holder function can also be carried out by a simple overlap shift in which the clutch E is engaged and the clutches D and F are simultaneously disengaged. It is particularly simple to start in the first reverse gear from a previously activated hill-holder function, since to do this all that is necessary is to disengaged the clutch F. Likewise, it is simple to start in the second reverse gear from a previously activated hill-holder function, since for this it is only necessary to disengaged the clutch D.

In principle the spatial arrangement of the shifting elements within the transmission in the example embodiment of a 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention shown in FIG. 1, can be as desired and is limited essentially only by the dimensions and external shape of the transmission housing GG. Correspondingly, FIGS. 3 to 11 show various examples of appropriate component configuration variants for the 10-gear automatic transmission according to FIG. 1, in each case with kinematic coupling of the gearset elements, shifting elements and shafts unchanged compared with FIG. 1. Furthermore, in the component configuration variants shown in FIGS. 3 to 11, the four planetary gearsets RS1 to RS4, viewed in the axial direction, are arranged coaxially one behind another in the sequence “RS1, RS4, RS2, RS3” as in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 now shows a first example component configuration variant for the transmission in FIG. 1, again represented in simplified schematic form. Different than FIG. 1 the drive input AN and drive output AB shafts are this time not arranged coaxially, so that this first component configuration variant is particularly suitable for a vehicle with so-termed front transverse drive, with the transmission output arranged axis-parallel to the transmission input. A further difference from FIG. 1 is that the drive input of the transmission is this time, for example, arranged on the side of the transmission opposite to the first planetary gearset RS1. This is possible because the drive input shaft AN or the first shaft 1 of the transmission can pass centrally through the transmission over its full axial length. Different than FIG. 1, in the transmission according to FIG. 3 the third shifting element C is not arranged on the side of the third planetary gearset RS3 facing toward the second planetary gearset RS2, but this time on the side of the third planetary gearset RS3 facing away from the second planetary gearset RS2. In this case the drive output shaft AB runs—for example in the manner of a spur drive—at least in part axially between the planetary gearset RS3 and the clutch C. For the arrangement of the clutch C this configuration makes available a larger diameter in the area between the drive output spur gear connected to the carrier ST3 and outer wall GW of the housing—here for example on the drive input side. Another difference between the transmissions according to FIGS. 1 and 3 is that in FIG. 3 the clutch F—or at least its disk set—as viewed spatially is arranged radially over the clutch D and axially next to the third planetary gearset RS3, whereby a common disk carrier can be used for the two clutches D and E, which then forms the inner disk carrier for the clutch F and the outer disk carrier for the clutch D.

With reference to FIGS. 4 to 11 further example embodiments of a 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention are described below, these being based on the transmission shown in FIG. 1 with its coaxial drive input and output, with the particular intention of indicating various appropriate possibilities for the spatial arrangement of the disk sets of the six frictional shifting elements and the servomechanisms associated with the disk sets. In addition to the indexes already mentioned, in all of FIGS. 4 to 11 the following supplementary nomenclature is used: the outer disk carriers of the six shifting elements A to F are denoted A_a to F_a, the inner disk carriers of the six shifting elements A to F are denoted A_i to F_i, the disk sets of the six shifting elements A to F are denoted A_l to F_l and the servomechanisms for actuating these disk sets A_l to F_l are denoted A_s to F_s. A servomechanism of this type usually comprises at least one hydraulically or pneumatically actuated piston that acts upon its associated disk set, a pressure space that acts upon the piston and can be filled with pressure medium for the purpose of engaging the disk set, and a piston restoring element such as a spring or a restoring pressure chamber for the purpose of disengaging the disk set. If the shifting element is a clutch, then the servomechanism associated with the clutch usually also comprises a means for compensating the rotary pressure of the pressure space filled with pressure medium, usually comprising a pressure compensation space that can be filled with lubricant not under pressure and which acts upon the piston in opposition to its engaging direction. In other respects, for those with knowledge of the field the representations shown in FIGS. 4 to 11 are self-explanatory.

FIG. 4, then, shows an example second component configuration variant for the transmission of FIG. 1. In contrast to FIG. 1 the third shifting element C, viewed spatially, is now arranged axially completely between the fourth and second planetary gearsets RS4, RS2. The fourth, fifth and second shifting elements D, E, F, viewed spatially, are arranged axially completely between the second and third planetary gearsets RS2, RS3, the fifth shifting element E being axially directly adjacent to the second planetary gearset RS2 and the fourth and sixth shifting elements D, F forming an assembly which is axially directly adjacent to the third planetary gearset RS3. Thus, the assembly comprises a common disk carrier which forms a section of the shaft 8 and is connected to the carrier ST2 of the second planetary gearset RS2. This common disk carrier is the outer disk carrier D_a for the clutch D and the inner disk carrier F_i for the clutch F.

Furthermore, the assembly of shifting elements D, F contains the disk set D_l of the clutch D arranged inside the cylindrical space of the common disk carrier D_a/F_i, the disk set F_l of the clutch F arranged radially over the disk set D_a/F_i, the disk set F_l of the clutch F arranged radially over the disk set D_l, the servomechanism D_s for actuating the disk set D_l of the clutch D, and the servomechanism F_s for actuating the disk set F_l of the clutch F. A special design feature in this case is that the servomechanism D_s is arranged inside the cylindrical space of the common disk carrier D_a/F_i, the servomechanism F_s partially coaxially encloses the common disk carrier D_a/F_i, and both servomechanisms Ds, F_s are mounted so that they can move axially on the common disk carrier D_a/F_i, being arranged axially substantially next to one another and separated from one another only by a wall of the inner disk carrier D_i. Thus, the two servomechanisms D_s, F_s act in each case on the side of the associated disk set D_l or F_l that faces toward the third planetary gearset RS3 and, to engage the respective clutch D or F, they actuate the associated disk set D_l or F_l axially in the direction opposite to the third planetary gearset RS3, i.e. axially in the direction of the second planetary gearset RS2. Both servomechanisms D_s, F_s always rotate at the speed of the shaft 8, i.e. always at the same speed as the carrier ST2 of the second planetary gearset RS2 and the drive output shaft AB.

The inner disk carrier D_i of the clutch D forms a section of the shaft 2 and in accordance with the transmission layout is connected via the carrier ST3 of the third planetary gearset RS3, in this case close to the drive output, to the drive output shaft AB. The section of the shaft 6 close to the ring gear HO3 of the third planetary gearset RS3 forms the outer disk carrier F_a of the sixth shifting element F, and in accordance with the transmission layout the outer disk carrier F_a is connected on its side facing away from the third planetary gearset RS3 to the carrier ST1 of the first planetary gearset RS1 which in this case is close to the drive input.

A further difference between the transmissions according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 is that in FIG. 4 the first shifting element A, made as a brake, is arranged on a smaller diameter than the second shifting element B also made as a brake, whereby in the area radially over the disk set A_l of the brake A and on the side close to the drive input axially adjacent to the disk set B_l of the brake B some structural space is provided within the inside space of the transmission, which is particularly well suited for accommodating a hydraulic pump of the transmission positioned axis-parallel to the drive input shaft AN (not shown in FIG. 4 for the sake of simplicity).

FIG. 5 shows an example third component configuration variant for the transmission according to FIG. 1. Different than FIG. 1, in FIG. 5 it is now provided that, viewed spatially, the brake A is arranged largely radially under the brake B, the clutches E, C and D are arranged in that order axially next to one another with disk sets E_l, C_l, and D_l of the same or at least approximately the same diameter, and the clutch F directly adjacent to the third planetary gearset RS3 on its side facing toward the second planetary gearset RS2. For the two clutches E and C a common disk carrier is provided, which forms the outer disk carriers E_a, C_a both for the clutch E and for the clutch C. In this case the designs of the two clutches E and C are similar.

The design of the two clutches D and F as an assembly is derived from FIG. 4. Different than that in figure, in FIG. 5 it is provided that only the servomechanism F_s of the radially outer clutch F is mounted to move axially on the disk carrier D_a/F_i common to the two clutches D and F, and always rotates at the same speed as the shaft 8, while in contrast the servomechanism D_s of the radially inner clutch D is mounted to move axially on the inner disk carrier D_i of the clutch D and always rotates at the same speed as the shaft 2. In accordance with this design the assembly D/F of the two clutches D, F should also be regarded as the inner disk carrier D_i.

FIG. 6 shows an example fourth component configuration variant of the transmission of FIG. 1, based on the third component configuration variant shown in FIG. 5. The third and fourth component configuration variants differ only as regards the design and spatial arrangement of the servomechanism F_s of the clutch F. In contrast to FIG. 5, this time the servomechanism F_s according to FIG. 6 always rotates at the speed of the eighth shaft 8 of the transmission, i.e. always at the same speed as the inner disk carrier F_i of the clutch F. For this it is provided that the servomechanism F_s, viewed spatially, is arranged largely in an area axially between the fourth and second planetary gearsets RS4, RS2, such that at least the pressure space of this servomechanism F_s is positioned close to the carrier ST2 of the second planetary gearset RS2, the piston of the servomechanism F_s is mounted to move axially on this carrier ST2 or on the inner disk carrier F_i of the clutch F, and an actuating finger of this piston that acts upon the disk set F_l of the clutch F spans radially across the planetary gearset RS2 and the clutches E and C in the axial direction. When the clutch F is being engaged the piston or the actuating finger of the servomechanism F_s actuates the disk set F_1 axially in the direction of the third planetary gearset RS3.

FIG. 7 shows an example fifth component configuration variant for the transmission according to FIG. 1, again based on the third component configuration variant shown in FIG. 5. The third and fifth component configuration variants differ only as regards the design and spatial arrangement of the servomechanism F_s of the clutch F. In contrast to FIG. 5, the servomechanism F_s in FIG. 7 this time always rotates at the speed of the sixth shaft 6 of the transmission, i.e. always at the same speed as the outer disk carrier F_a of the clutch F. For this it is provided that the servomechanism F_s, viewed spatially, is arranged largely in an area axially between the first and fourth planetary gearsets RS1, RS4, such that at least the pressure space of this servomechanism F_s is positioned close to the carrier ST1 of the first planetary gearset RS1, the piston of the servomechanism F_s is mounted to move axially on this carrier ST1 or on the outer disk carrier F_a of the clutch F, and an actuating finger of this piston which acts upon the disk set F_l of the clutch F spans radially across the planetary gearsets RS4 and RS2 and the clutches E and C in the axial direction. When the clutch F is being engaged, the piston or the actuating finger of the servomechanism F_s actuates the disk set F_l axially in the direction of the third planetary gearset RS3.

FIG. 8 shows an example sixth component configuration variant of the transmission according to FIG. 1, which is based on the fifth component configuration variant shown in FIG. 7. This sixth component configuration variant differs from the fifth component configuration variant particularly in that according to FIG. 8 the disk set F_l of the clutch F, viewed spatially, is this time positioned in an area radially over the planetary gearsets RS2 and RS4 arranged axially directly next to one another and thus at least partially radially over the fourth planetary gearset RS4. For this, a section of the eighth shaft 8 of the transmission which starts from the carrier ST2 of the second planetary gearset RS2 and is formed as the inner disk carrier F_i for the clutch F extends axially in the direction of the first planetary gearset RS1, which is positioned on the side of the fourth planetary gearset RS4 facing away from the second planetary gearset RS2 (and toward the drive input). Correspondingly, an axial section of the sixth shaft 6 of the transmission arranged in the area radially over the planetary gearset RS4 is made as the outer disk carrier F_a for the clutch F. The servomechanism F_s of the clutch F is positioned essentially axially between the planetary gearsets RS1 and RS4, always rotates at the speed of the carrier ST1 of the first planetary gearset RS1, and when the clutch F is being engaged, actuates the disk set F_l associated with it axially in the direction of the second and third planetary gearsets RS2, RS3.

A further difference between the transmissions in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 is that in FIG. 8 the inner disk carrier D_i of the clutch D is connected to the eighth shaft 8 of the transmission. Correspondingly, in FIG. 8 the outer disk carrier D_a of the clutch D is connected to the second shaft 2 or drive output shaft AB. This outer disk carrier D_a, formed as a cylinder, besides the disk set D_l of the clutch D, also holds the servomechanism D_s of the clutch D provided for actuating the disk set D_l, which can move axially. This makes for a comparatively more simple design of the clutch D.

FIG. 9 shows an example seventh component configuration variant of the transmission according to FIG. 1, based on the sixth component configuration variant shown in FIG. 8. Different than the sixth component configuration variant, in this seventh component configuration variant it is provided that the disk set F_l of the clutch F, viewed spatially, is arranged in an area medially over the second planetary gearset RS2 and the servomechanism F_s of the clutch F provided for actuating the disk set F_l, as viewed spatially, is arranged largely axially between the fourth planetary gearset RS4 and the second planetary gearset RS2. Thus the servomechanism F_s always rotates at the speed of the eighth shaft 8 of the transmission, i.e. at the same speed as the carrier ST2 of the second planetary gearset RS2 and the same speed as the inner disk carrier F_i of the clutch F. The servomechanism F_s is mounted and able to move axially on the carrier ST2 or on the inner disk carrier F_i, and when the clutch F is being engaged it actuates its associated disk set F_l axially in the direction of the third planetary gearset RS3.

FIG. 10 shows an example eighth component configuration variant for the transmission of FIG. 1. The essential characteristic of this eighth component configuration variant is that all four of the clutches C to F, viewed spatially, are arranged at least nearly completely in the area axially between the two planetary gearsets RS2 and RS3, with the following design features:

-   -   the clutches C and E are arranged axially next to one another         and form a structural assembly;     -   the disk sets D_l and F_l of the clutches D and F are arranged         axially next to one another and radially over the disk sets C_l         and E_l of the clutches C and E;     -   the disk sets E_l and F_l are arranged close to the planetary         gearset RS2;     -   the disk set F_l is arranged essentially radially over the disk         set C_l;     -   a common disk carrier is provided for the clutches C and E,         which forms a section of the shaft 5 of the transmission, formed         as the outer disk carrier for the two clutches C, E and their         disk sets C_l, E_l, and which accommodates in an axially movable         manner the servomechanisms C_s, E_s of the two clutches C, E         provided for actuating the disk sets C_l, E_l so that the two         servomechanisms C_s, E_s always rotate at the speed of the shaft         5;     -   the two servomechanisms C_s, E_s are arranged axially directly         next to one another and thus at least partially axially between         the two disk sets C_l, E_l, and are separated from one another         only by an outer surface of the common outer disk carrier C_a,         E_a of the clutches C, E, so that when the clutch C is being         engaged the servomechanism C_s actuates its associated disk set         C_l axially in the direction of the third planetary gearset RS3,         and so that when the clutch E is being engaged the         servomechanism E_s actuates its associated disk set E_l axially         in the direction of the second planetary gearset RS2;     -   a common disk carrier is provided for the clutches D and F,         which forms a section of the shaft 8 of the transmission, is         formed as the inner disk carrier D_i, F_i for the two clutches         D, F and their disk sets D_l, F_l, and accommodates axially         movably the servomechanisms D_s, F_s of the two clutches D, F         provided for actuating the disk sets D_l, F_l so that the two         servomechanisms D_s, F_s always rotate at the speed of the shaft         8;     -   when the clutch D is being engaged, the servomechanism D_s         actuates the disk set D_l associated with it axially in the         direction of the second planetary gearset RS2;     -   when the clutch F is being engaged, the servomechanism F_s of         the clutch F also actuates the disk set F_l associated with it         axially in the direction of the second planetary gearset RS2,         and a section or actuating finger of the piston of the         servomechanism F_s of the clutch F that can be acted on by         pressure, which acts upon the disk set F_l, passes through the         inner disks of the disk set D_l of the clutch D mounted on the         common inner disk carrier D_i/F_i for the clutches D and F in         the axial direction;     -   a cylindrical outer disk carrier D_a is provided for the clutch         D, which forms a section of the shaft 2 of the transmission and         is connected by the carrier ST3 of the third planetary gearset         RS3 to the drive output shaft AB;     -   a cylindrical outer disk carrier F_a is provided for the clutch         F, which forms an axial section of the shaft 6, which holds the         outer disks of the disk set F_l of the clutch F, and which,         along its axial length, coaxially encloses the fourth planetary         gearset RS4 and the common inner disk carrier D_i/F_i for the         clutches D and F and the outer disk carrier D_a of the clutch D.

FIG. 11 shows an example ninth component configuration variant for the transmission according to FIG. 1, which is based on the second component configuration variant shown in FIG. 4. In contrast to the second component configuration variant, in this ninth component configuration variant it is provided that the two clutches D and F are now positioned axially next to one another, as an assembly with the following design features:

-   -   viewed spatially,-the assembly is arranged between the clutch E         and the third planetary gearset RS3;     -   a common disk carrier is provided for the clutches D and F,         which forms a section of the shaft 8 of the transmission, is         formed as the outer disk carrier D_a, F_a for the two clutches         D, F and accommodates the disk sets D_l, F_l and, in an axially         movable manner, the servomechanisms D_s, F_s provided for         actuating the disk sets D_l, F_l, so that the two         servomechanisms D_s, F_s always rotate at the speed of the shaft         8 or the carrier ST2 of the second planetary gearset RS2;     -   the two servomechanisms D_s, F_s are positioned axially directly         next to one another and thus at least partially axially between         the two disk sets D_l, F_l, and are separated from one another         only by an outer surface of the common outer disk carrier         D_a/F_a of the clutches D, F;     -   when the clutch D is being engaged, the servomechanism D_s         actuates its associated disk set D_l axially in the direction of         the third planetary gearset RS3;     -   when the clutch F is being engaged, the servomechanism F_s         actuates its associated disk set F_l axially in the direction of         the second planetary gearset RS2;     -   the inner disk carrier D_i of the clutch D is connected to the         carrier ST3 of the third planetary gearset RS3; and     -   the inner disk carrier F_i of the clutch F is connected, on the         side of the assembly opposite to the third planetary gearset         RS3, to the shaft 6 of the transmission, which forms a         cylindrical space inside which are arranged the planetary         gearset RS4, the clutch C, the planetary gearset RS2, the clutch         E and the assembly with the two clutches D, F.

Finally, FIG. 12 shows an example tenth component configuration variant for the transmission of FIG. 1, in a simplified schematic representation. Starting from the consideration that the spatial arrangement of the four planetary gearsets RS1 to RS4 relative to one another within the transmission housing GG can also be varied within wide limits, a transmission according to the invention is described with reference to FIG. 12 in which the sequence of the four planetary gearsets RS1 to RS4 arranged coaxially in series one after another is different from that of FIG. 1, as an example showing how those with knowledge of the field can derive other effective component configuration variants from the transmission concept according to the invention. In this context a person knowledgeable in the field can if necessary also apply the previously mentioned suggestions regarding the design and arrangement of the individual components of the transmission in an appropriate manner to the transmission represented in simplified form in FIG. 12.

As can be seen in FIG. 12, compared with the transmission according to FIG. 1 the kinematic coupling of the individual elements of the four planetary gearsets RS1 to RS4 to one another, to the six shifting elements a to F and to the drive input shaft AN and the drive output shaft AB, is unchanged. In contrast to the transmission of FIG. 1, in the tenth component configuration variant proposed here it is provided that, as viewed in the axial direction, the four individual negative planetary gearsets RS1 to RS4 are arranged coaxially one after another in the defined sequence “RS2, RS4, RS1, RS3”, with the drive input shaft AN and the drive output shaft AB arranged coaxially with one another and the second planetary gearset RS2 forming the gearset of the automatic transmission closest to the drive input, while the third planetary gearset RS3 forms the gearset of the automatic transmission closest to the drive output. In another design for a transmission in which the drive input and drive output shafts are not coaxial but axis-parallel or at an angle to one another, both the drive output and the drive input of the transmission can be arranged on the same side of the transmission housing close to the third planetary gearset RS3.

As can also be seen in FIG. 12, the two clutches C and E form an assembly with a disk carrier common to both clutches C, E for holding the disk sets and servomechanisms of them both. This common disk carrier forms a section of the fifth shaft 5 of the transmission and is connected on the one hand directly to the ring gear HO2 of the second planetary gearset RS2 and on the other hand, via a long intermediate shaft which passes centrally through the planetary gearsets RS2, RS4 and RS1, to the sun gear SO3 of the third planetary gearset RS3. In FIG. 12, as an example, this common disk carrier forms the inner disk carrier C_i for the clutch C and the outer disk carrier E_a for the clutch E, so the disk set of clutch C is positioned substantially radially over the disk set of clutch E in an area axially between the second planetary gearset RS2 and the fourth planetary gearset RS4. In this case, particularly for the supply of pressure and lubricant it is expedient to mount the servomechanisms of the two clutches C, E (not shown in FIG. 12 for the sake of simplicity) axially movably on the disk carrier C_i/E_a common to the two clutches C and E, so that the servomechanisms of the two clutches C, E always rotate at the speed of the fifth shaft 5 of the transmission. If necessary a person with knowledge of the field could also displace the disk set of the clutch C, for example to an area radially over the second planetary gearset RS2. Alternatively, such a person could if necessary also arrange the disk sets of the two clutches C, E axially next to one another.

As can also be seen in FIG. 12, the two brakes A and B form an assembly which, this time, is arranged in the central area of the transmission. The brakes A and B are arranged axially next to one another on approximately the same diameter radially above the planetary gearsets RS1 and RS4, with the brake B—in particular its disk set—in an area radially over the first planetary gearset RS1 and the brake A on the side of the brake B facing toward the fourth planetary gearset RS4.

As can also be seen in FIG. 12, the two clutches D and F form an assembly which, viewed spatially, is arranged in an area axially between the first planetary gearset RS1 and the third planetary gearset RS3. To obtain a structural form as compact as possible with the shortest possible length, the disk sets of the two clutches D, F are arranged one above the other. In the example embodiment shown in FIG. 12, for this a disk carrier common to both clutches D, F is provided to hold the disk sets and servomechanisms of the two clutches D, F. This common disk carrier forms a section of the eighth shaft 8 of the transmission and is correspondingly connected to the carrier ST2 of the second planetary gearset RS2 by a long intermediate shaft which passes centrally through the planetary gearsets RS1, RS4 and RS2 and thus partially radially encloses the shaft 5. In FIG. 12, as an example this common disk carrier forms the outer disk carrier D_a for the clutch D and the inner disk carrier F_i for the clutch F, so that the disk set of clutch F is arranged substantially radially over the disk set of clutch D. Correspondingly, the inner disk carrier D_i of the (radially inner) clutch D forms a section of the shaft 2 of the transmission and is rigidly connected to the carrier ST3 of the third planetary gearset RS3 and to the drive output shaft AB, whereas the outer disk carrier F_a of the (radially outer) clutch F forms a section of the shaft 6 of the transmission and is rigidly connected to the carrier ST1 of the first planetary gearset RS2 and to the ring gear HO3 of the third planetary gearset RS4. Particularly for the supply of pressure and lubricant, it is expedient to mount the servomechanisms of the two clutches D, F (not shown in FIG. 12 for the sake of simplicity) axially movably on the disk carrier D_a/F_i common to the two clutches D, F, so the servomechanisms of the two clutches D, F always rotate at the speed of the shaft 8 of the transmission. If necessary, a person with knowledge of the field could also arrange the disk sets of the two clutches D, F axially next to one another.

Starting from the transmission layout according to FIG. 12, two further example embodiments of a 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention will now be described with reference to the next figures, FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, both of which can be operated with the same shifting logic as shown in FIG. 2. Starting from the consideration that the fifth shifting element E of the transmission made as a clutch serves to fix the second planetary gearset RS2 of the transmission when necessary, FIGS. 13 and 14 show two further possibilities for coupling the fifth shifting element E kinematically to the second planetary gearset RS2.

Thus, FIG. 13 shows a schematic representation of a second example embodiment of a 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention. Different than the transmission according to FIG. 12, in the transmission of FIG. 13 it is provided that the clutch E is now arranged in the force flow between the seventh shaft 7 of the transmission and the eighth shaft 8 of the transmission. Thus, according to FIG. 13 the clutch E in its engaged condition connects the sun gear SO2 and the carrier ST2 of the second planetary gearset RS2 to one another and thereby blocks them. The spatial arrangement of the components within the transmission housing GG shown in FIG. 13 is substantially identical to FIG. 12. There are slight differences due to the omission of the common disk carrier C_i/E_i provided in FIG. 12. In FIG. 13 it is provided that the disk set of the clutch E is arranged in an area axially between the two planetary gearsets RS2 and RS4, while the disk set of the clutch C is arranged radially over the second planetary gearset RS2.

Finally, FIG. 14 shows a schematic representation of a third example embodiment of a 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention. Different than the transmission of FIG. 12, in the transmission according to FIG. 14 it is provided that the clutch E is now positioned in the force flow between the fifth shaft 5 of the transmission and the eighth shaft 8 of the transmission. According to FIG. 14, therefore, the clutch E in its engaged condition connects the ring gear HO2 and the carrier ST2 of the second planetary gearset RS2 to one another and thereby engages them. The spatial arrangement of the components within the transmission housing GG shown in FIG. 14 is substantially identical to FIG. 12. In contrast to FIG. 12 the assembly of the two clutches D, F this time comprises disk sets arranged axially next to one another and a common disk carrier, this time as an example made as the inner disk carrier for both clutches D, F and, as a section of the shaft 8, connected to the carrier ST2 of the second planetary gearset RS2.

Needless to say, a person with knowledge of the field will be able to adopt any of the previously indicated suggestions concerning the design and spatial arrangement of the components of the transmission for use in the example embodiments of a 10-gear automatic transmission according to the invention represented in simplified form in FIGS. 13 and 14. Such a person will also find further suggestions for expedient possible modifications of the transmission concept according to the invention in the type-defining document WO 2006/074707 A1.

Indexes

-   1 First shaft -   2 Second shaft -   3 Third shaft -   4 Fourth shaft -   5 Fifth shaft -   6 Sixth shaft -   7 Seventh shaft -   8 Eighth shaft -   A First shifting element, first brake -   A_a Outer disk carrier of the first shifting element -   A_i Inner disk carrier of the first shifting element -   A_l Disk set of the first shifting element -   A_s Servomechanism of the first shifting element -   B Second shifting element, second brake -   B_a Outer disk carrier of the second shifting element -   B_i Inner disk carrier of the second shifting element -   B_l Disk set of the second shifting element -   B_s Servomechanism of the second shifting element -   C Third shifting element, first clutch -   C_a Outer disk carrier of the third shifting element -   C_i Inner disk carrier of the third shifting element -   C_l Disk set of the third shifting element -   C_s Servomechanism of the third shifting element -   D Fourth shifting element, second clutch -   D_a Outer disk carrier of the fourth shifting element -   D_i Inner disk carrier of the fourth shifting element -   D_l Disk set of the fourth shifting element -   D_s Servomechanism of the fourth shifting element -   E Fifth shifting element, third clutch -   E_a Outer disk carrier of the fifth shifting element -   E_i Inner disk carrier of the fifth shifting element -   E_l Disk set of the fifth shifting element -   E_s Servomechanism of the fifth shifting element -   F Sixth shifting element, fourth clutch -   F_a Outer disk carrier of the sixth shifting element -   F_i Inner disk carrier of the sixth shifting element -   F_l Disk set of the sixth shifting element -   F_s Servomechanism of the sixth shifting element -   AN Drive input shaft -   AB Drive output shaft -   GG Housing -   GN Hub fixed on the housing -   GW Housing wall -   RS1 First planetary gearset -   HO1 Ring gear of the first planetary gearset -   SO1 Sun gear of the first planetary gearset -   ST1 Carrier of the first planetary gearset -   PL1 Planetary gears of the first planetary gearset -   RS2 Second planetary gearset -   HO2 Ring gear of the second planetary gearset -   SO2 Sun gear of the second planetary gearset -   ST2 Carrier of the second planetary gearset -   PL2 Planetary gears of the second planetary gearset -   RS3 Third planetary gearset -   HO3 Ring gear of the third planetary gearset -   SO3 Sun gear of the third planetary gearset -   ST3 Carrier of the third planetary gearset -   PL3 Planetary gears of the third planetary gearset -   RS4 Fourth planetary gearset -   HO4 Ring gear of the fourth planetary gearset -   SO4 Sun gear of the fourth planetary gearset -   ST4 Carrier of the fourth planetary gearset -   PL4 Planetary gears of the fourth planetary gearset -   i Transmission ratio -   φ Gear-step interval 

The invention claimed is:
 1. An automatic transmission for a motor vehicle comprising: a drive input shaft (AN) and a drive output shaft (AB); first, second, third and fourth planetary gearsets (RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4); first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth shifting elements (A, B, C, D, E, F) whose selective engagement implementing various transmission ratios between the drive input shaft (AN) and the drive output shaft (AB) such that ten forward gears and at least one reverse gear are engagable, three of the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth and the sixth shifting elements (A, B, C, D, E, F) being engaged for each of the ten forward gears and the at least one reverse gear; when shifting from one of the ten forward gears to either a next-higher or a next-lower gear of the ten forward gears only one of the three engaged shifting elements is disengaged and one disengaged shifting element is engaged; wherein the drive output shaft (AB) is permanently connected to an element (ST3) of one of the first, the second, the third and the fourth planetary gearsets (RS3) and also permanently connected to an output element of one of the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth and the sixth shifting elements (D); and the output shaft (AB) is also connectable, via the one of the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth and the sixth shifting elements (D) permanently connected to the output shaft (AB), to an output element of another of the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth and the sixth shifting elements (A, B, C, E, F), and an input element, of the another of the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth and the sixth shifting elements (A, B, C, E, F), is permanently connected to another element (H03) of the one of the first, the second, the third and the fourth planetary gearsets (RS3) that is permanently connected to the drive output shaft (AB).
 2. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein, when further shifting elements are also engaged, the sixth shifting element (F) produces a hill-holder function by engaging and rotationally fixing the drive output shaft (AB) in the transmission.
 3. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the fourth planetary gearset (RS4) is connected to the drive input shaft (AN), and is connected, via a respective active connection, to the first and the second planetary gearsets (RS1, RS2), and connectable, via the first shifting element (A), to a housing (GG) of the transmission; the third planetary gearset (RS3) is connected to the drive output shaft (AB), and via a respective active connection to the first and the second planetary gearsets (RS1, RS2), and is connectable, via the third shifting element (C), to the drive input shaft (AN), and via the fourth shifting element (D) to the second planetary gearset (RS2); the second planetary gearset (RS2) is lockable, via the fifth shifting element (E), and is connectable, via the sixth shifting element (F), to the first and the third planetary gearsets (RS1, RS3); and the first planetary gearset (RS1) is connectable, via the first shifting element (A) and the second shifting element (B), to the housing (GG).
 4. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the transmission comprises first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth shafts (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8); a carrier (ST4) of the fourth planetary gearset (RS4) and the drive input shaft (AN) are connected in a rotationally fixed manner and form the first shaft (1); a carrier (ST3) of the third planetary gearset (RS3) and the drive output shaft (AB) are connected in a rotationally fixed manner and form the second shaft (2); a sun gear (S01) of the first planetary gearset (RS1) and a sun gear (SO4) of the fourth planetary gearset (RS4) are connected in a rotationally fixed manner and form the third shaft (3); a ring gear (H01) of the first planetary gearset (RS1) forms the fourth shaft (4); a ring gear (H02) of the second planetary gearset (RS2) and a sun gear (SO3) of the third planetary gearset (RS3) are connected in a rotationally fixed manner and form the fifth shaft (5); a carrier (ST1) of the first planetary gearset (RS1) and a ring gear (H03) of the third planetary gearset (RS3) are connected in a rotationally fixed manner and form the sixth shaft (6); a sun gear (SO2) of the second planetary gearset (RS2) and a ring gear (H04) of the fourth planetary gearset (RS4) are connected in a rotationally fixed manner and form the seventh shaft (7); a carrier (ST2) of the second planetary gearset (RS2) forms the eighth shaft (8); the first shifting element (A) is arranged in a force flow between the third shaft (3) and a housing (GG) of the transmission; the second shifting element (B) is arranged in the force flow between the fourth shaft (4) and the housing (GG) of the transmission; the third shifting element (C) is arranged in the force flow between the fifth shaft (5) and the first shaft (1); the fourth shifting element (D) is arranged in the force flow between the eighth shaft (8) and the second shaft (1); the fifth shifting element (E) is arranged in the force flow between one of the seventh and the fifth shafts (7, 5), the seventh and the eighth shafts (7, 8) and the fifth and the eighth shafts (5, 8); and the sixth shifting element (F) is arranged in the force flow between the sixth shaft (6) and the eighth shaft (8).
 5. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein: a first forward gear is engaged by engagement of the first, the second and the third shifting elements (A, B, C); a second forward gear is engaged by engagement of the first, the second and the fifth shifting elements (A, B, E); a third forward gear is engaged by engagement of the second, the third and the fifth shifting elements (B, C, E); a fourth forward gear is engaged by engagement of the second, the fourth and the fifth shifting elements (B, D, E); a fifth forward gear is engaged by engagement of the second, the third and the fourth shifting elements (B, C, D); a sixth forward gear is engaged by engagement of the second, the third and the sixth shifting elements (B, C, F); a seventh forward gear is engaged by engagement of the third, the fifth and the sixth shifting elements (C, E, F); an eighth forward gear is engaged by engagement of the first, the third and the sixth shifting elements (A, C, F); a ninth forward gear is engaged by engagement of the first, the third and the fourth shifting elements (A, C, D); a tenth forward gear is engaged by engagement of the first, the fourth and the fifth shifting elements (A, D, E); and a reverse gear is engaged by engagement of either the first, the second and the fourth shifting elements (A, B, D) or the first, the second and the sixth shifting elements (A, B, F).
 6. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the drive output shaft (AB) is rotationally fixed in the transmission by simultaneous engagement of the first, the second, the fourth and the sixth shifting elements (A, B, D, F).
 7. The automatic transmission according to claim 4, wherein each of the first, the second, the third and the fourth planetary gearsets (RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4) is a negative planetary gearset.
 8. The automatic transmission according to claim 4, wherein the first, the second, the third and the fourth planetary gearsets (RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4) are coaxially arranged in an axial direction sequentially in a following sequential order: the first planetary gearset (RS1), the fourth planetary gearset (RS4), the second planetary gearset (RS2), and the third planetary gearset (RS3).
 9. The automatic transmission according to claim 8, wherein a disk set (F_I) of the sixth shifting element (F), when viewed spatially, is located adjacent the third planetary gearset (RS3).
 10. The automatic transmission according to claim 8, wherein a disk set (F_I) of the sixth shifting element (F), when viewed spatially, is located radially about the second planetary gearset (RS2).
 11. The automatic transmission according to claim 8, wherein a disk set (F_I) of the sixth shifting element (F), when viewed spatially, is located axially between the second and the fourth planetary gearsets (RS2, RS4).
 12. The automatic transmission according to claim 8, wherein a servomechanism (F_s) for actuating a disk set (F_I) of the sixth shifting element (F), when viewed spatially, is axially located at least partially between the second and the fourth planetary gearsets (RS2, RS4).
 13. The automatic transmission according to claim 9, wherein a servomechanism (F_s) for actuating the disk set (F_I) of the sixth shifting element (F), when viewed spatially, is axially located at least partially between the first and the fourth planetary gearsets (RS1, RS4).
 14. The automatic transmission according to claim 8, wherein the third, the fourth and the fifth shifting elements (C, D, E), when viewed spatially, are axially located between the second and the third planetary gearsets (RS2, RS3) such that, when viewed spatially, the fifth shifting element (E) is axially located directly adjacent the second planetary gearset (RS2), the third shifting element (C) is axially located on a side of the fifth shifting element (E) opposite the second planetary gearset (RS2) and directly adjacent the fifth shifting element (E), and the fourth shifting element (D) is axially located on a side of the third shifting element (C) opposite the fifth shifting element (E) and directly adjacent the third shifting element (C).
 15. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the first, the second, the third and the fourth planetary gearsets (RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4) are coaxially arranged in an axial direction in a following sequential order: the second planetary gearset (RS2), the fourth planetary gearset (RS4), the first planetary gearset (RS1), and the third planetary gearset (RS3).
 16. The automatic transmission according to claim 15, wherein the sixth shifting element (F), when viewed spatially, is located axially between the first and the third planetary gearsets (RS1, RS3).
 17. The automatic transmission according to claim 15, wherein the sixth shifting element (F), when viewed spatially, is located adjacent the first planetary gearset (RS1).
 18. The automatic transmission according to claim 15, wherein the fourth shifting element (D), when viewed spatially, is located on a side of the sixth shifting element (F) opposite the first planetary gearset (RS1).
 19. The automatic transmission according to claim 15, wherein a disk set (F₁₃I) of the sixth shifting element (F), when viewed spatially, is radially located at least partially radially about a disk set (D_I) of the fourth shifting element (D).
 20. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the first and the second shifting elements (A, B), when viewed spatially, are located adjacent the first planetary gearset (RS1).
 21. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the motor vehicle is started by a shifting element inside the transmission which transmits torque during a first forward gear, a second forward gear and the at least one reverse gear, and the drive input shaft (AN) is connected to a crankshaft of a drive engine of the motor vehicle by one of a rotationally fixed manner and rotational elasticity. 